3. Minimize travel. If you can delay errands or other activities, you’ll preserve the gas that you purchased and reduce overall consumption for the region, helping in some small way to reduce gas scarcity.
4. Obey speed limits. When you drive, follow the speed limits and drive smoothly. Your driving habits can play a significant role in fuel economy.
We measured gas mileage while driving at a steady 55, 65, and 75 mph in a Nissan Altima and Toyota RAV4. We found that reducing the speed from 65 mph to 55 mph improved fuel economy by 6 mpg in the Altima and 8 mpg in the RAV4. The penalty for cruising at 75 mph rather than 65 mph was almost 7 mpg in the Altima and 6 mpg in the RAV4. Higher speeds exact a toll on fuel consumption. Another way to look at it: Speeding up from 55 to 75 mph is like moving from a compact car to a large SUV. Beyond fuel concerns, speeding is, of course, a safety risk.
5. Drive evenly. Avoid hard acceleration and braking whenever possible. In our tests, frequent bursts of acceleration and braking reduced an older Toyota Camry’s mileage by 2 to 3 mpg. Once up to speed, maintain a steady pace. The harder you accelerate, the more fuel you use. Unnecessary braking wastes the fuel you used to get up to speed. Drive smoothly and anticipate the movement of traffic. Smooth acceleration, cornering, and braking also extend the life of the engine, transmission, brakes, and tires.
6. Pay attention to aerodynamics. Remove roof racks when they’re not being used. At highway speeds, more than 50 percent of engine power goes to overcoming aerodynamic drag. Don’t add to that by carrying unneeded things on the roof. We did fuel-economy tests at highway speed in a Nissan Altima and Toyota RAV4 with a roof rack, tail-hitch rack, and rooftop box. Carrying two mountain bikes on the roof had the biggest impact. The Altima lost 13 mpg, going from 46 mpg to 33 mpg. The RAV4 lost 7 mpg, dropping to 32 mpg from 39 mpg.
There’s even a loss when driving with an empty roof rack. The Altima dropped 5 mpg and the Toyota lost 2 mpg. The Nissan lost 12 mpg with the bikes on the hitch-mounted rack, while the RAV4 was down only 5 mpg. The bikes stuck out beyond the sides of the sedan, which created extra drag. They were mostly hidden behind the wider, boxier RAV4’s bodywork.
The rooftop box resulted in a 9 mpg decrease for the Altima and a 5 mpg drop for the RAV4.
Overall, the aerodynamic drag didn’t hurt the more boxy RAV4 as much as the sleeker Altima.
7. Buy good-quality gas. We typically recommend using Top Tier gas—that is, gas that’s held to a higher standard through the voluntary participation of numerous gas station brands, including Chevron, Costco, Exxon, Mobil, and Shell. Beware that many familiar brands don’t have Top Tier gas. The goal is to feed your car good-quality gas whenever possible, but it’s fair to be flexible during a shortage or when traveling. If you use non-Top Tier gas on occasion, it may cause engine deposits. But the detergents in Top Tier gas can eventually clean any engine deposits that may accumulate.
8. Skip the premium. Save money and skip premium gas unless it’s “required.” This is indicated on the fuel filler door. Many cars list “recommended,” which means it’s optional. If there’s only midgrade or premium fuel available, it will work fine in a car that’s rated for regular gasoline.
9. Check tire pressure. Monitoring tire pressure is important. Tires lose about 1 psi a month. Having tires with lower pressure than what’s recommended on your doorjamb sticker can affect performance, tire longevity, and fuel economy.
10. Skip the AC. Using air conditioning consumes gas. In mild weather, if you can get by without it—especially with open windows—you’ll see incremental savings. But once it gets hot, having AC on to cool the cabin and lower humidity is a wise investment in your comfort and ability to stay alert while driving.
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